1821 - Catholic Association

Daniel O'Connell held preliminary meetings to establish the Catholic Association. The organization would revolutionize Irish political campaigning through mass membership. This marked the beginning of modern Irish democratic politics.

1921 - Treaty Signed

The Anglo-Irish Treaty was formally signed in London after months of negotiations. The Irish delegates faced the momentous decision to accept dominion status. This agreement would fundamentally reshape Ireland's relationship with Britain.

1922 - Free State Born

The Irish Free State officially came into existence as the Treaty arrangements took effect. The new state assumed power from British authorities in Dublin Castle. This transition marked the formal beginning of Irish independence.

1975 - Balcombe Street Siege

IRA members took hostages in London following a police chase, beginning the Balcombe Street siege. The incident would last for six days, drawing intense media attention. The siege marked a significant moment in the IRA's England campaign.

1993 - Peace Declaration

The British and Irish governments intensified work on what would become the Downing Street Declaration. Secret negotiations explored new frameworks for peace in Northern Ireland. These discussions represented crucial groundwork for the developing peace process.