1923 - Civil War Officially Ends

The Irish Civil War officially concluded as anti-Treaty IRA Chief of Staff Frank Aiken issued the order to "dump arms." This marked the formal end to the bitter conflict that had torn the country apart since June 1922. The pro-Treaty forces emerged victorious, though the political divisions would influence Irish politics for generations to come.

1881 - Land League Ladies Branch Founded

Anna Parnell and her sister Fanny established the Ladies Land League, the first political women's organization in Ireland. This revolutionary group would take over the Land League's activities when its male leaders were imprisoned. The organization demonstrated women's capacity for political activism and marked a significant moment in Irish feminism.

1955 - First Cork Film Festival Opens

The inaugural Cork Film Festival began, establishing what would become one of Europe's premier film events. The festival opened with a screening of "The Quiet Man" and attracted filmmakers from across Europe. This cultural initiative helped put Cork on the international arts scene and promoted Irish cinema to a global audience.

1843 - Daniel O'Connell's Monster Meeting

Daniel O'Connell held one of his famous "Monster Meetings" at Tara, County Meath, drawing an estimated crowd of 750,000 people. The gathering, part of O'Connell's campaign for the repeal of the Act of Union, demonstrated the massive popular support for Irish self-government and showcased O'Connell's extraordinary ability to mobilize peaceful protest.

1917 - Irish Convention Begins in Dublin

The Irish Convention opened in Trinity College Dublin, attempting to find a solution to the Home Rule crisis. Representatives from various political traditions gathered to debate Ireland's future, though the absence of Sinn Féin limited its effectiveness. While ultimately unsuccessful, the convention represented a significant attempt at political compromise.