September 13th in Irish History
1803 - Emmet's Trial
Robert Emmet's trial for high treason began at Green Street Courthouse in Dublin. The proceedings would lead to his famous speech from the dock. His eloquent defense would become a powerful inspiration for later generations of republicans.
1912 - Ulster Covenant
Edward Carson began organizing signatures for the Ulster Covenant opposing Home Rule. The campaign demonstrated growing unionist opposition to Irish self-government. The massive response would influence British political thinking about Ireland.
1921 - Treaty Talks
De Valera appointed plenipotentiaries to negotiate with the British government. The delegation included Michael Collins and Arthur Griffith. These appointments would have crucial implications for the upcoming Treaty negotiations.
1969 - Army Deployment
British troops expanded their presence across Belfast following recent violence. The soldiers began constructing more permanent barriers between communities. These "peace lines" would become lasting features of the city landscape.
1993 - Peace Process
The Irish government intensified diplomatic efforts to advance the peace process. Secret contacts explored possibilities for paramilitary ceasefires. These discussions marked important progress toward conflict resolution.